Biomedical papers, 2020 (vol. 164), issue 1

Reviews

Ultraviolet A protective potential of plant extracts and phytochemicals

Denisa Skarupova, Jitka Vostalova, Alena Rajnochova Svobodova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):1-22 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.010  

The negative effect of UVA radiation on the skin has long been ignored. There is now clear evidence that UVA causes indirect damage to biomolecules, which is associated with premature skin aging and increased incidence of skin cancer. The use of phytochemicals and plant extracts is a popular strategy in UVA photoprotection. In this review only well-documented studies on 17 selected plant extracts and 26 pure compounds are covered.

Treatments for enhancing the biocompatibility of titanium implants

Jana Stepanovska, Roman Matejka, Jozef Rosina, Lucie Bacakova, Hana Kolarova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):23-33 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.062  

Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue. For large-scale bone injuries, it is necessary to use optimal bone replacements, often made of titanium or titanium alloys. Insufficient healing can lead to serious complications. The surface of a titanium implant needs to be treated to increase its roughness. This will improve cell adhesion and following implant osseointegration. In this review, the authors explain and compare methods currently used for treating titanium implants aimed at improving the bone-implant contact and reducing the risk of complications.

Acute myocardial infarction, intraventricular thrombus and risk of systemic embolism

Stepan Hudec, Martin Hutyra, Jan Precek, Jan Latal, Radomir Nykl, Miloslav Spacek, Martin Sluka, Daniel Sanak, Zbynek Tudos, Karel Navratil, Ludek Pavlu, Milos Taborsky

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):34-42 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.001  

The development of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction due to the risk of systemic arterial embolism. Although the incidence of LVT has dropped due to timely and effective reperfusion therapy, it is still a serious complication resulting increased mortality and morbidity. However, at the present time, LVT diagnostics is often neglected and insufficient. This review provides an overview of the diagnostics and treatment of this serious condition.

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in malignant melanoma - allies or foes?

Vladimir Zidlik, Michala Bezdekova, Svetlana Brychtova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):43-48 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.048  

This review summarizes the present knowledge of the effect of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes on the progression of malignant melanoma, and focuses particularly on regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) and immune checkpoints (PD1/PD-L1).

Original papers

Protective effects of resveratrol on acute kidney injury in rats with sepsis

Cong-Juan Luo, Feng Luo, Quan-Dong Bu, Wei Jiang, Wei Zhang, Xue-Mei Liu, Lin Che, Hong Luan, Hui Zhang, Rui-Xia Ma, Jian-Ping Sun, Yan Xu

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):49-56 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.006  

Resveratrol significantly reduced the mortality rate of septic rats and relieved acute kidney injury, probably by weakening endoplasmic reticulum stress, suppressing activation of the NF-κB pathway and alleviating the inflammatory response.

Upregulation of miR150-5p in generalized myasthenia gravis patients is associated with decreased serum levels of IL-17 and increased serum levels of IL-10

Wenling Ao, Canhui Tian, Xiongjun He, Yeli Hu, Weidong Wang, Yajie Liu

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):57-62 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.009  

In this study, the authors revealed that miR150-5p may participate in myasthenia gravis through interactions with IL-10 and IL-17. miR150-5p is upregulated in patients with myasthenia gravis compared with healthy controls. Changes in expression levels of miR150-5p reflect the treatment outcomes of myasthenia gravis and miR150-5p could be used as a biomarker to guide the treatment. Monitoring the changes in inflammatory cytokines and miR150-5p may help to improve treatment strategies.

Endosonography-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration versus "Key-Hole Biopsy" in the diagnostics of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors. A prospective randomized interventional study

Vincent Zoundjiekpon, Premysl Falt, Petr Fojtik, Eva Kundratova, Otto Mikolajek, Martin Hanousek, Katerina Reiterova, Dusan Ziak, Martin Bolek, Anicet Tchibozo, Martin Kliment, Ondrej Urban

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):63-70 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.013  

Comparing Endosonography-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) and Key-Hole Biopsy (KHB) in tissue diagnosis of upper gastrintestinal SET, the authors confirm that both deep biopsy methods are safe, high-yielding, and equally useful for deep tissue sampling of the upper gastrointestinal SET . EUS-FNA and KHB could be recommended in the future, for the purposes of confirming cytological / histological diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal SETs ≥2 cm, where pathological diagnosis is a sine qua non for management. They also conclude that neither methods can predict the prognostic mitotic index in the case of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

The absence of high-risk human papillomavirus in Czech non-small cell lung cancer cases

Hana Jaworek, Vladimira Koudelakova, Rastislav Slavkovsky, Jiri Drabek, Marian Hajduch

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):71-76 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.079  

Although the qPCR method used was able to reliably detect at least 4 copies of the E6 gene per reaction in HPV16, 18, and 31, and 40 copies per reaction in HPV56, no hrHPV DNA was found in primary non-small cell lung cancer tumors in the Czech population.

Elevated serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in patients with thyroid cancers

Hanna Lawnicka, Ewelina Motylewska, Magdalena Borkowska, Krzysztof Kuzdak, Agnieszka Siejka, Jacek Swietoslawski, Henryk Stepien, Tomasz Stepien

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):77-83 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.018  

The IGF-IGF-1R axis plays a role in the development of papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancers. Serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGF-1R may thus be considered additional markers for the differentiation of malignancies during the preoperative diagnosis of patients with thyroid gland tumors.

Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas: A 10-year single-center surgical experience and long-term echocardiographic follow-up study

Martin Kolek, Jana Dvorackova, Oldrich Motyka, Radim Brat

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):84-91 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.053  

Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma (CPF) is one of the most common benign cardiac tumors in adults and it is associated with a significant increase in mortality and the risk of a nonfatal embolic event. At present, no criteria are in place for embolism risk stratification, or guidelines for the management of patients with an asymptomatic non-mobile CPF. CPF can be safely and effectively treated surgically. A unique case of recurring symptomatic metachronous CPF is described which has not been reported before.

Congenital fetal heart defect - an agreement between fetal echocardiography and autopsy findings

Jan Pavlicek, Zdenek Tauber, Eva Klaskova, Katerina Cizkova, Martin Prochazka, Patricie Delongova, Beata Stefunko, Iveta Szotkovska, Jana Dvorackova, Tomas Gruszka

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):92-99 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.042  

It is important to perform a postmortem examination to confirm the diagnosis in case of termination of pregnancy due to congenital heart defect. A postmortem examination of an aborted fetus is an important tool to assess the quality and accuracy of the work by prenatal sonographers.

Surgical therapy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in osteoporotic patients treated with antiresorptive agents

Lukas Hauer, Jan Jambura, Daniel Hrusak, Miroslava Chalupova, Petr Posta, Stepan Rusnak, Vaclav Vyskocil

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):100-107 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.081  

The authors present a case series of osteoporotic patients suffering from MRONJ including severe complications (deep neck space infection, orbital celullitis, oroantral communication with rhinosinusitis and pathological fracture of the mandible). The uniform diagnostic and surgical protocol using fluorescence-guided surgery and various reconstructive techniques (mylohyoid flap, buccal fat pad flap and virtual surgical planning for prebending mandibular reconstruction plates) is described. The outcomes of 32 lesions in 26 patients with long-term follow-up are presented in this paper.

Patient-controlled epidural analgesia versus conventional epidural analgesia after total hip replacement - a randomized trial

Jan Maca, Jan Neiser, Lenka Grasslova, Michaela Trlicova, Dana Streitova, Renata Zoubkova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):108-114 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.068  

Total hip replacement (THR) is frequently followed by considerable pain. Epidural analgesia is considered the technique of choice in the postoperative care of patients after THR. We found that patient-controlled epidural analgesia PCEA decreases total analgesics consumption compared to conventional method analgesia based on physician's prescription while maintaining similar pain relief and safety profile. PCEA should be considered first choice method of analgesia in patients undergoing THR.

Uterine transplantation in an era of successful childbirths from living and deceased donor uteri: Current challenges

Roman Chmel, Zlatko Pastor, Jan Matecha, Libor Janousek, Marta Novackova, Jiri Fronek

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):115-120 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.020  

This review deals with current issues of uterine transplantation (UTx) in the treatment of female sterility caused by absolute uterine factor infertility. This promising method of treatment is still at an experimental stage worldwide. Current controversial areas of this treatment are discussed in terms of the interest in UTx, the individual risks to the recipients, the use of living or deceased donors and their parity, the surgical risks to the donors, the venous outflow from the uterus, the collection of embryos before transplantation, the reproductive success, and the creation of an international registry of infertile women treated with both uterine transplantation and assisted reproductive technologies.

Case report

ABCB4 disease mimicking morbus Wilson: A potential diagnostic pitfall

Eva Sticova, Magdalena Neroldova, Radana Kotalova, Iva Subhanova, Milan Jirsa

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2020, 164(1):121-125 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.054  

A rare case of MDR3 disease caused by two novel pathogenic mutations in ABCB4 in a young male with biochemically impaired copper metabolism mimicking Wilson disease is reported. The value of hepatic copper content (1867 µg/g dry weight) on the background of ABCB4 deficiency is the highest recorded so far.