Biomedical papers, 2018 (vol. 162), issue 2

Review articles

Mucosal delivery systems of antihypertensive drugs: A practical approach in general practice

Lukasz P. Bialy, Cezary Wojcik, Izabela Mlynarczuk-Bialy

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):71-78 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.022  

Mucosal administration systems offer an alternative to the oral route when the latter is not tolerated, contraindicated or refused. Perindopril arginine and Amlodipine besylate are registered in the EU in the form of orodispersible tablets for mucosal delivery, however, they are not available in all countries. Antihypertensive drugs Captopril and Nitrendipine administered sublingually are commonly used in hypertensive urgencies. Metoprolol tartrate suppositories have only been tested in pharmacokinetic studies in humans. Propranolol suppositories have been reported clinically in a case report. Furosemide suppositories have been tested in animals, but there are no reports of their use in humans. New insights into a practical approach: a) First use of Furosemide-containing suppositories in a human subject. b) A successful regimen of four different antihypertensive drugs administered long-term via the mucosal route (rectal Furosemide and Metoprolol tartrate combined with sublingual Captopril and Nitrendipine).

M1/M2 macrophage polarization in human obese adipose tissue

Jaroslava Chylikova, Jana Dvorackova, Zdenek Tauber, Vojtech Kamarad

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):79-82 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.015  

Macrophages play a crucial role in the development of chronic inflammation changes in obese adipose tissue. This is a review of current knowledge of importance macrophages M1/M2 polarization in this process.

Risks and protective factors for triple negative breast cancer with a focus on micronutrients and infections

Dagmar Horakova, Katerina Bouchalova, Karel Cwiertka, Ladislav Stepanek, Jana Vlckova, Helena Kollarova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):83-89 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.014  

Recent studies of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) mostly confirm the importance of traditional especially reproduction-related risk factors but also suggest some as yet unknown factors in TNBC pathogenesis, for example HPV and EBV infections and the protective role of soya and vitamin D.

Original contributions

Imipenem and normal saline with cyclophosphamide have positive effects on the intestinal barrier in rats with sepsis

Junting Yang, Shunwen Zhang, Jiangdong Wu, Jie Zhang, Jiangtao Dong, Peng Guo, Suyu Tang, Wanjiang Zhang, Fang Wu

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):90-98 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.032  

The authors successfully replicated the sepsis model by cecal ligation and puncture, then found that combination therapy of imipenem, normal saline, and cyclophosphamide can significantly increase the survival rate of sepsis rats, and can significantly reduce the permeability of the intestinal tissue in sepsis rats, and has a protective effect on the intestinal mucosal barrier.

Dietary sucrose regulates the expression of the Cd36 gene in hepatic tissue of rats with obesity and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Rodolfo Quintana Castro, Ida Soto Rodriguez, Rosa A. Deschamps Lago, Peter Grube Pagola, Jorge Rodriguez Antolin, Adriana Peres Quintal, Jaime Rivera Rivera, Alfonso Alexander Aguilera

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):99-106 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.016  

To know the behavior in the transcription of the Cd36 gene, which codes for a protein that transports fatty liver in different tissues (hepatic and fat); caused by chronic intake of sucrose in Wistar rats with NAFLD and obesity; trying to simulate the dietary pattern in humans with intake of drinks sweetened with sucrose or fructose.

Chemiluminescent detection of oligoclonal immunoglobulins after isoelectric focusing and affinity-mediated immunoblotting

Ondrej Dlouhy, Pavlina Kusnierova, Irena Kurasova, Monika Cisarikova, David Zeman

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):107-115 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.003  

Chemiluminescent detection was compared to a very sensitive chromogenic method for oligoclonal IgG, antigen-specific IgG, IgM, IgD and free light chain detection in paired cerebrospinal fluid/serum samples. Chemiluminescent detection was found to be a feasible option for oligoclonal immunoglobulin detection that can be used especially when the sensitivity needs to be improved; it required about 4 times lower amount of protein compared to chromogenic detection for optimal results and using maximum sensitivity substrate, the authors were able to detect 0.035 - 0.070 ng of protein, corresponding to a concentration of 0.005 to 0.01 mg/L in the sample.

Effect of sertraline in paroxysmal hypertension

Jan Vaclavik, Aneta Krenkova, Eva Kocianova, Tomas Vaclavik, Monika Kamasova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):116-120 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.039  

The optimal treatment for paroxysmal hypertension or pseudopheochromocytoma has not been established. We added sertraline, 50 mg once daily, to the current medication of 64 patients with symptomatic paroxysmal hypertension. Within 3 months of treatment, sertraline effectively removed or reduced symptoms of paroxysmal hypertension in the majority (75%) of patients. Symptoms of paroxysmal hypertension fully subsided in 50% and were partially reduced in 25% of patients.

Reperfusion after pulmonary embolism - long-term follow-up, risk factors, clinical impact

Jan Mrozek, Jana Petrova, Jana Vaclavkova, Vladimir Janovsky, Lubos Kraus, Pavel Jansa

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):121-126 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.001  

24 months following acute pulmonary embolism, incomplete reperfusion was found in 19% of patients. The risk factors were older age, intermediate and higher risk pulmonary embolism, higher right ventricular internal diameter, higher tricuspid insufficiency and notably higher level of hemoglobin.

Management of mechanical ventilation in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia: A retrospective, observational study

Radovan Uvizl, Tomas Herkel, Katerina Langova, Petr Jakubec

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):127-133 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.047  

Single-centre, retrospective data from a 6-year epidemiological study of mechanical ventilation and other epidemiological data in intensive care patients with pneumonia is provided. Patients with late-onset HAP were found to require the longest duration of mechanical ventilation with the highest values of MV compared with early-onset HAP and CAP patients. Patients without pneumonia had the shortest MV time, the lowest values of MV parameters, reintubation, tracheostomy and bronchoscopy. They also had the shortest ICU and hospital length of stay and mortality.

Risk factors for failure of continuous positive airway pressure treatment in patients with ostructive sleep apnoea

David Slouka, Monika Honnerova, Petr Hosek, Ales Matas, Karel Slama, Jana Landsmanova, Radek Kucera

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):134-138 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.056  

Common recorded data in polygraphic monitoring systems can help in the prediction of CPAP failure. The main risk factors for CPAP failure are BMI and T90.

Crohn's disease - genetic factors and progress of the disease

Tomas Kupka, Jarmila Simova, Jana Dvorackova, Lubomir Martinek, Oldrich Motyka, Magdalena Uvirova, Petr Dite

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):139-143 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.058  

The role of genetics in patients with Crohn's disease is the subject of ongoing interest. In this study, the authors found genetic parameters of the NOD2/CARD15 (R702W, G908R, 3020insC) gene mutations in a group of seventy patients, in relation to the severity, activity, localization and complications of Crohn's disease, including a group of patients, in whom surgical intervention was required. The authors found a trend towards an increased representation of ileal involvement as in other European studies. Genotyping of NOD2/CARD15 mutations could be used in the development of clinical models for treating Crohn's disease, particularly in determining aggressive treatment or surgical intervention.

Lactate as an early predictor of psychomotor development in neonates with asphyxia receiving therapeutic hypothermia

Renata Polackova, Dana Salounova, Lumir Kantor

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):144-148 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.052  

Arterial blood lactate levels were regularly monitored in 51 newborns who were undergoing therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal asphyxia. The results show that persistently high levels of lactate in the early stages of treatment for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy are an indicator of possible adverse psychomotor development at 2 years of age.

The mineral content of the hard dental tissue of mesiodens

Sanja Tanaskovic-Stankovic, Irena Tanaskovic, Nemanja Jovicic, Marina Miletic-Kovacevic, Tatjana Kanjevac, Zoran Milosavljevic

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):149-153 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.017  

In the past, supernumerary teeth caused mainly esthetic and sometimes orthodontic problems. Recently, successful allo- and auto-transplantation of these teeth have been reported, but studies on their durability and resistance to tooth decay still do not exist. It is clear that the degree of mineralization is very important factor for the resistance. The goal of this study was to determine the differences in inorganic mineral content in supernumerary and healthy teeth.

Case reports

Dapsone treatment is efficient against persistent cutaneous and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Jana Volejnikova, Jaroslav Horacek, Frantisek Kopriva

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2018, 162(2):154-158 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.044  

The authors present three pediatric cases of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) associated with atypical bacterial infection. Persistent rash and gastrointestinal symptoms rapidly subsided after treatment with oral dapsone in all cases. The authors discuss the optimal dosage of dapsone and provide a comprehensive review of the literature.