Biomedical papers, 2014 (vol. 158), issue 2

Histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapy. A review

Jan Hrabeta, Marie Stiborova, Vojtech Adam, Rene Kizek, Tomas Eckschlager

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):161-169 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.085  

This is a review of publications on the mechanisms of the anticancer effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and the results of the most important clinical studies. HDACs are involved in different cellular pathways and functions. Their inhibitors are promising anti-cancer drugs to be used either alone or in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. Two HDAC inhibitors (vorinostat, romidepsin) have been approved for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and romidepsin for peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Many others are in clinical trials for the treatment of malignancies. Even though the many biological and clinical effects of HDAC inhibitors have been described, explanations and their role in complex anticancer therapy remain unclear.

Odontogenic keratocysts/keratocystic odontogenic tumours: biological characteristics, clinical manifestation and treatment

Jindrich Pazdera, Zdenek Kolar, Vitezslav Zboril, Peter Tvrdy, Richard Pink

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):170-174 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.048  

A new twist in neuroendocrine tumor research: Pacak-Zhuang syndrome, HIF-2α as the major player in its pathogenesis and future therapeutic options

Ivana Jochmanova, Ivica Lazurova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):175-180 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.021  

This review summarizes the latest information on the role of HIF-2α in the development of neuroendocrine tumors, especially pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Xanthomas: Clinical and pathophysiological relations

Ales Zak, Miroslav Zeman, Adolf Slaby, Marek Vecka

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):181-188 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.016  

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the clinical features and pathophysiological mechanisms of xanthomas. Most types of xanthomas develop as cholesterol-rich lesions within the skin, tendons, fasciae or periosteum. They are characterized by local accumulation of foam cells and resemble early stages of atherosclerotic plaques. The presence of xanthomas can signalise serious dyslipidemias, both common and rare, connected with an increased risk for cardiovascular, metabolic and tumorous diseases. This article provides an overview of key research findings on xanthomas, mainly from the clinical point of view.

Detection of minimal residual disease in lung cancer

Josef Chudacek, Tomas Bohanes, Jiri Klein, Andrea Benedikova, Josef Srovnal, Marek Szkorupa, Pavel Skalicky, Jozef Skarda, Marian Hajduch, Cestmir Neoral

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):189-193 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.019  

Minimal residual disease (MRD) in lung cancer is defined as isolated or circulating tumor cells in a patient who has hada curative primary lung tumor removal and in the same period, there are no clinical signs of cancer. Progress in the diagnostics of lung cancer is greatly limited by the lack of diagnostic markers. MRD detection is important in the determination of disease progression and for the prognosis of lung cancer. In 2001, a promising new lung-specific tumor marker LunX was identified, but we still need to verify it using the marker in the clinical treatmentof patients.

Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase inhibition by cisplatin and consequences for cisplatin nephrotoxicity

Martin Kubala, Jaroslava Geleticova, Miroslav Huliciak, Martina Zatloukalova, Jan Vacek, Marek Sebela

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):194-200 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.018  

Our experiments revealed that cisplatin can inhibit Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), suggesting that NKA/cisplatin interaction is an important factor in cisplatin adverse effects. Using chronopotentiometry and mass spectrometry, we found that cisplatin is bound to the large cytoplasmic segment connecting transmembrane helices TM4 and TM5 (C45).

Study of photodynamic effects on NIH 3T3 cell line and bacteria

Adela Hanakova, Katerina Bogdanova, Katerina Tomankova, Svatopluk Binder, Robert Bajgar, Katerina Langova, Milan Kolar, Jiri Mosinger, Hana Kolarova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):201-207 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.057  

This article describes the use of photodynamic therapy applied to cell lines and bacterial strains. Due to continuous increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, the target of the experimental work was to find other options for microbial disease treatment.

In vitro antimicrobial activities of cinnamon bark oil, anethole, carvacrol, eugenol and guaiazulene against Mycoplasma hominis clinical isolates

Radek Sleha, Petra Mosio, Marketa Vydrzalova, Alexandra Jantovska, Vanda Bostikova, Jaroslava Mazurova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):208-211 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.083  

This study provides new information on the antimicrobial effects of selected natural substances against clinical isolates of Mycoplasma hominis about which very little is known. To date, only the inhibitory effects of three substances - oleuropein, hydroxythyrosol and tea tree oil against Mycoplasma hominis strains have been published. The results of this study indicate that for example cinnamon bark oil, carvacrol and eugenol might be considered as promising antimicrobial agents for the therapeutic treatment of mycoplasmal infection.

The CRZ1/SP1-like gene links survival under limited aeration, cell integrity and biofilm formation in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans

Zuzana Moranova, Eric Virtudazo, Kristyna Hricova, Misako Ohkusu, Susumu Kawamoto, Vendula Husickova, Vladislav Raclavsky

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):212-220 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.024  

The role of zinc-finger transcription factor Crz1 in hypoxic adaptation and cell wall integrity is described in the human pathogenic strictly aerobic basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Whereas the role of various Crz1 homologues in cell wall integrity is well- known in other fungal species, this is the first time that its role in hypoxic adaptation has been documented, indicating a tight link between cell wall integrity, hypoxia and cell cycle slowdown/arrest in G2.

Endovascular brain intervention and mapping in a dog experimental model using magnetically-guided micro-catheter technology

Tomas Kara, Pavel Leinveber, Michal Vlasin, Pavel Jurak, Miroslav Novak, Zdenek Novak, Jan Chrastina, Krzysztof Czechowicz, Milos Belehrad, Samuel J. Asirvatham

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):221-226 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.076  

This article summarises pilot animal experiments with our novel micro-catheter technology for endovascular magnetically guided interventions in the central nervous system. By using the external magnetic field generated by the NIOBE Stereotaxis technology, the micro-catheter can be safely and easily navigated into targeted areas in the brain vasculature, including areas with extremely high tortuosity of arterial or venous systems. Further, the micro-catheter technology is capable of endovascular sensing of EEG signal in the targeted area. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first micro-catheter technology developed so far for magnetically guided interventions in the central nervous system, opening new opportunities for interventional treatment of stroke, epilepsy and several others CNS disorders.

Comparison of parturient - controlled remifentanil with epidural bupivacain and sufentanil for labour analgesia: Randomised controlled trial

Petr Stourac, Hana Suchomelova, Marta Stodulkova, Martin Huser, Ivo Krikava, Petr Janku, Olga Haklova, Lubomir Hakl, Roman Stoudek, Roman Gal, Pavel Sevcik

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):227-232 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.073  

Use of remifentanil in labour is not very widespread even though it is a safe and effective alternative to epidural analgesia. Remifentanil administration in Parturient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) mode is relatively well-tolerated and increases the satisfaction of the parturient with pain management. The aim of the presented study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of PCA intravenous remifentanil administration with epidural analgesia during the first stage of labour with regard to maternal and early neonatal side-effects. We also aimed to confirm a clinically very simple and unique method (rigid dosage regimen of remifentanil) of PCA remifentanil administration. We concluded that remifentanil is an effective analgesia with high parturient satisfaction scores and clinically good neonatal outcomes.

Safety and efficacy of sonothrombolysis using bilateral TCD monitoring by diagnostic 2 MHz probes - a pilot study

Petr Bardon, Martin Kuliha, Roman Herzig, Petr Kanovsky, David Skoloudik

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):233-237 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.064  

The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of bilateral sonothrombolysis of acute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery using 2 diagnostic transcranial probes. Twelve acute stroke patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion contraindicated for thrombolysis underwent bilateral sonothrombolysis and 37 patients underwent standard sonothrombolysis. There were no differences in complete recanalization of the artery after 60 minutes (30.0% vs. 32.4% of patients), independence after 90 days (58.3% vs. 59.5% of patients) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (0% vs. 2.7% of patients). Sonothrombolysis using 2 probes seems to be safe but not more effective than standard sonothrombolysis.

Does asymptomatic carriage of FV Leiden and FII prothrombin mutations in heterozygous configuration pose an increased risk of thrombembolic complications in the course of pregnancy, labor and puerperium?

Blanka Vavrinkova, Tomas Binder, Ivana Hadacova, Ingrid Hrachovinova, Peter Salaj, Martin Hruda

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):238-241 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.070  

The carriers of thrombophylic mutation, if pregnant, are thought to be at higher risk of developing serious late pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction and even intrauterine death of the fetus. The heterozygous configuration we found in the great majority of this pregnant patient group. The aim of the study was to show whether there was any relationship between the carriage of thrombophylic mutation in heterozygous configuration and the higher incidence of any of the monitored serious late pregnancy complications. The results might help to decide whether prophylaxis with LMWH should be used to improve the pregnancy outcome.

Addition of platelet concentrate to Dermo-Epidermal Skin Graft in deep burn trauma reduces scarring and need for revision surgeries

Vaclav Prochazka, Hana Klosova, Jiri Stetinsky, Jaromir Gumulec, Katerina Vitkova, Dana Salounova, Jana Dvorackova, Hana Bielnikova, Petr Klement, Veronika Levakova, Tomas Ocelka, Lubomir Pavliska, Pavel Kovanic, Giannoula Lakka Klement

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):242-258 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.070  

The aim of the study was to evaluate, whether the combination of skin graft (DESG), autologous thrombin and autologous platelet concentrate (APC) in deep burn trauma treatment leads to the development of stable, non-hypertrophic scarring. The results showed that patients treated with DESG/APC had superior healing without any evidence of scar hypertrophy or contractures. One of the most important findings of this study was the cost effectiveness of the therapy: the treatment was associated with earlier discharge from hospital and significant cost savings.

Iterative reconstruction of pulmonary MDCT angiography: Effects on image quality, effective dose and estimated organ dose to the breast

Jan Zizka, Pavel Ryska, Jana Stepanovska, Zuzana Poulova, Ludovit Klzo, Jakub Grepl, Eva Cermakova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):259-264 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.059  

The technique of iterative CT image reconstruction is capable of a substantial reduction in both breast radiation dose and effective dose in pulmonary CT angiography. When compared to the standard filtered back projection, the lower radiation dose achieved with iterative image reconstruction was also associated with a significantly better objective and subjective image quality.

Reduction of effective dose and organ dose to the eye lens in head MDCT using iterative image reconstruction and automatic tube current modulation

Pavel Ryska, Tomas Kvasnicka, Jiri Jandura, Ludovit Klzo, Jakub Grepl, Jan Zizka

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):265-272 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.071  

Iterative reconstruction of cerebral CT examinations enables reduction of both effective and organ eye lens dose by one third compared to the standard filtered back projection, without signficant loss of image quality.

Osteoprotegerin gene polymorphism is not associated with prosthetic joint infection after total joint arthroplasty in the Czech population

Zdenka Navratilova, Jiri Gallo, Matej Smizansky, Frantisek Mrazek, Martin Petrek

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):273-276 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.024  

Globally more than 1,000,000 patients undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) each year are at risk for Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI). Identification of risk factors associated with PJI could facilitate preventive measures. Osteoprotegerin (OPG; official gene symbol: TNFRSF11B) is considered a negative regulator of bone resorption. A genetic variation in the OPG gene is hypthesised to contribute to the risk of PJI. However, this study did not show any association between the OPG -163 T/C SNP and PJI in a Czech population, casting doubt on the use of OPG -163 T/C determination as a risk factor for PJI.

Comparison of the results and complications of palmar and dorsal miniinvasive approaches in the surgery of scaphoid fractures. A prospective randomized study

Pavel Drac, Igor Cizmar, Pavel Manak, Jan Hrbek, Michal Reska, Pavel Filkuka, Jana Zapletalova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):277-281 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.060  

Nondisplaced and minimaly displaced fractures of the scaphoid waist can be surgically treated using volar or palmar miniinvasive approaches. This prospective randomised study compared both methods for union rate, complications, functional results and DASH score in 76 patients. Although we found some differences during the follow-up examinations at eight and twelve weeks, no differences in results or complications were statistically signifiant up to one year follow up.

Quantitative estimation of AgNORs in normal, dysplastic and malignant oral mucosa

Aman Chowdhry, Revati Shailesh Deshmukh, Deepika Shukla, Deepika Bablani, Shashwat Mishra

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):282-287 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.002  

By combining both the enumeration of AgNORs and their size, good distinction can be made between normal, dysplastic and infiltrating squamous cell carcinomas. This could help in the early diagnosis and prognosis of dysplastic mucosal lesions and their malignant transformation.

Risk factors for comorbidities in Czech psoriatic patients: Results of a hospital-based case-control study

Jana Votrubova, Katerina Juzlova, Zdenek Smerhovsky, Jorga Fialova, Dana Gopfertova, Nadezda Vojackova, Jana Hercogova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):288-294 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.062  

This study aimed at identifying risk factors and early stages of selected diseases/comorbidities in patients with psoriasis. The study was focused on Czech psoriatic patients because international research results are highly variable and the conclusions are ambiguous. No similar study has been performed to date in Czech psoriatic patients. The results show significant differences between cases and controls in several parameters. For this reason, regular screening of patients with the chronic stationary form of psoriasis should become a standard for dermatologists in cooperation with general practitioners.

High prevalence of exercise-induced heart failure with normal ejection fraction in post-heart transplant patients

Jaroslav Meluzin, Petr Hude, Pavel Leinveber, Jan Krejci, Lenka Spinarova, Helena Bedanova, Helena Podrouzkova, Radka Stepanova, Petr Nemec

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):295-302 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.095  

This is the first study to describe the high prevalence of isolated exercise-only induced heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) reaching 58% in a cohort of 81 post-heart transplant patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. This finding explains their low exercise tolerance due to exertional dyspnea and/or fatigue. Of the noninvasive parameters obtained at rest, multivariate regression analysis identified left ventricular mass index adjusted for allograft age to be an independent predictor of exercise-induced HFNEF.

Self-care behaviour, treatment satisfaction and quality of life in people on intensive insulin treatment

Elena Gurkova, Katarina Ziakova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):303-308 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.010  

Diabetes self-management is the cornerstone of effective diabetes care. A better understanding of variables pertinent to self-care behaviour in people with diabetes may provide valuable insight for diabetes educators regarding the multifaceted impact of this complex disease. The study investigated differences in self-care behaviours, treatment satisfaction, and quality of life in people on insulin treatment according to the structured educational programme in spe.

Procedure for granulocyte collection performed at the Blood Centre of the Faculty Hospital Ostrava

Zuzana Cermakova, Sarka Blahutova, Tomas Papajik, Dana Galuszkova, Jaromir Hubacek, Martina Sommerova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):309-312 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.071  

Donor granulocytes transfusions are used as a therapeutical modality in immunocompromised patients unresponsive to antibiotic/antifungal therapy. At the Blood Centre, Faculty Hospital Ostrava, granulocytes are obtained from unrelated donors after their mobilization with methyl prednisolone. Currently used protocols show that the collection process is standardized and independent of haematocrit levels in granulocyte unit (hct/1TU GA).

Do we always consistently define the clinically important echocardiographic parameters?

Jaroslav Meluzin, Zdenka Gregorova, Helena Podrouzkova, Roman Panovsky

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):313-314 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.058  

In medical practice, it is of the utmost importance to follow strictly, definitions, formulas, and units defining exact parameters, pathological situations, and diseases. The purpose of this short communication was to show some inconsistencies and errors even in very reputable cardiological journals and to issue a caveat. We demonstrate examples of confusing definitions and formulas concerning two frequently used echocardiographic parameters, left ventricular mass and relative wall thickness, which may lead to different results and conclusions. The paper concludes that it is desirable to follow exactly the definitions of complex parameters and to unify ways of presenting those with several definitions.

The effect of environmental pollutants and food processing on the development of antibiotic resistance

Lucia Birosova, Maria Mikulasova

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):315-320 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.067  

This work describes the effect of two positive mutagens in the development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium. The mechanism of resistence was also studied in isolated resistant strains. Low concentrations of 2-nitrofluorene (2NF) and 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylic acid (5NFAA) significantly increased mutation frequency, leading to ciprloxacin resistance. 2NF was the best inducer of mutations in the gyrA gene and in regulating genes affecting synthesis inhibition of outer membrane porins. 5NFAA effected overproduction of efflux pumps.

Partial trisomy and tetrasomy of chromosome 21 without Down Syndrome phenotype and short overview of genotype-phenotype correlation. A case report

Pavlina Capkova, Nadezda Misovicova, Dita Vrbicka

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(2):321-325 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.077  

Trisomy 21 - Down syndrome (DS) - is a well- known chromosomal aberration with a typical clinical picture. The partial trisomies/tetrasomies of chromosome 21 are rare findings. In our original article we report genotype-phenotype correlation in two cases of partial trisomy and tetrasomy of chromosome 21. Our observation can help to narrow the region responsible for DS and to map the loci accountable for minor features of DS. The description of the infrequent origin of these aberrations is included.