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Glioblastoma pseudoprogession is dependent, by definition, on the location within the RT high dose field, however, there is lack of routine reporting of RT isodoses to radiologists during glioma follow up. Using blinded contouring and a number of different indices, we found poor awareness among routine clinical radiologists of per-protocol constructed target volumes for adjuvant glioblastoma RT, thus, automatic tools for exporting of RT target volumes would be very useful for routine clinical practice.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells are an attractive therapeutic approach in regenerative medicine. This review summarizes the achievements and failures of current in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies that seek to provide evidence for MSC efficacy in cardiology.

To our knowledge, a case of sudden foetal death in a woman positive for SARS-CoV-2 but asymptomatic without previous signs of foetal distress or other apparent cause has not been reported elsewhere yet.

Aims: This study was aimed for evaluation of Italian students' attitudes to addictive substances, their knowledge and personal experience, and their awareness about the risks. Methods: The research was realized among high school students from Marche region in the Central Italy in the year 2006; the study group was randomly chosen from all schools in the region. 4118 appropriately completed questionnaires returned. The statistic processing was carried out by using chi-square test for two qualitative variables.

This a case-report describing a unique complication of a novel invasive method with severe clinical consequences. Retrieval of a dislocated Micra leadless pacemaker is possible thus improving the overall safety of leadless pacemakers.

The paper describes the variables that can complicate compliance and decision-making in pregnant women coming for genetic counselling based on atypical screening of one of the screening tests, or an issue in personal or family history. This is the first study done in in the Czech environment. Among other things, lack of awareness and widespread confusion about screening and invasive tests were discovered, creating the distress that pregnant women here often unnecessarily experience.

Summary of the evolution of the use of insulin and non-insulin therapy in people with heart failure and diabetes mellitus. A positive trend in the use of new oral antidiabetic drugs is evident. Some of these are becoming an integral part of heart failure therapy.

Postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) is the main cause of patient´s discomfort, worsens postoperative morbidity and put the child at risk of dehydrataion, dehiscence of surgical wound, bleeding and hospital readmission in the most serious cases. This paper reviews currently available data on the incidence, risk factors and management of postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) in pediatric patients. This narrative review is extended by an observational study of the incidence of PDNV.

Published studies on bacterial species and toxins associated with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) are reviewed critically. Bacterial markers supported by conclusive data from independent sources are recommended for further study, including precautions essential to avoid pitfalls and limitations of available methodologies. The need to shift from "overselling of the microbiome" to a more balanced approach that would include conventional culture is emphasized. Regardless of the plethora of open questions, new knowledge that can work in favour of patients already nowadays is summarised as well.

Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) is a cataract surgery complication that remains a challenge for eye surgeons. IFIS is most commonly associated with chronic use of alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms; however, it has been reported in other drug groups as well. This article is intended especially for urologists, ophthalmologists and internal medicine specialists, to review all the medications that can be associated with development of IFIS.

Antimetabolites remdesivir and favipiravir were repurposed as treatment options for Covid-19. Both drugs possess antiviral properties by mimicking purine RNA constituents but the detailed processes of their antimetabolite actions differ, making these molecules unique in their mechanisms of anti-Covid-19 action. This article compares the chemical and pharmacological proprieties of these drugs in addition to their role as anti-Covid 19 agents based on data obtained from clinical trials.

Abdominal ultrasonography can detect secondary signs of isoattenuating pancreatic tumours with high sensitivity (88%) and has the potential to directly visualise these tumours in 21%. In this study, endoscopic ultrasonography detected a dilated pancreatic duct in isoattenuating pancreatic cancers significantly more often than abdominal ultrasonography.

The global incidence of renal cell cancer is increasing . Knowledge of renal carcinogenesis is one way of improving of treatment options and cancer prevention.

Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. This review article evaluates the relevant literature and summarizes current knowledge and treatment of MPAL.

Uterus transplantation appears to be a perspective treatment modality of absolute uterine factor infertility but it is still at an experimental stage worldwide. In this article, observational data on pregnancy outcomes, neonatal course, growth trajectory and 3-year follow-up in two children born at our institution in 2019 to mothers after uterus transplantation were analyzed, including assessment of neurodevelopment using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition (Bayley-III). No abnormalities were observed in either prematurely born babies in terms of the neonatal course and 3-year follow-up, including the neurodevelopmental status. This is the first ever report on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children born after uterus transplantation.

Ethanol and methanol are an emerging health problem; abuse of ethanol containing beverages can lead to disparate health problems and methanol is highly toxic and unfit for consumption. This article summarizes basic knowledge about alcohol toxicity, effects on the body, current care of poisoned individuals and the implication of alcohols in the development of diseases. Alcohol related dementia, stroke, metabolic syndrome and hepatitis are discussed.

Antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (aPE) may be related to venous thromboembolism and be part of the repertoire of aPL in immunologically-mediated diseases. aPE IgG may have various avidities and their avidities differ from those of anticardiolipin antibodies IgG.

Arterial stiffness assessment by pulse wave analysis is regarded as a predictive factor of cardio vascular (CV) events. Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus.who have increased risk of CV disorders. The aim of this paper was to review current knowledge of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and pulse wave analysis.

The authors evaluated the effect of preoperative oral nutritional supplements (ONS) on the self-sufficiency, physical, and nutritional status of patients who had elective colorectal resections. Patient self-sufficiency in the postoperative period was comparable between groups (P=0.313), the prevalence of postoperative complications was also comparable (P=0.73). Physical and nutritional status were not influenced by preoperative ONS. Preoperative administration of ONS in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery did not reduce postoperative morbidity or enhance recovery.

Emicizumab, a bispecific-humanized monoclonal antibody, is able to improve coagulation by bridging activated factor IX and factor X. It is administered subcutaneously and much less often compared to factor VIII products, has low immunogenicity, does not require dose adjustment, and can be administered regardless of the presence of factor VIII inhibitors. Gene therapy can elevate factor VIII plasma levels for many years after a single treatment course, could offer long-term protection from bleeding episodes, and minimize or eliminate the need for substitutive treatment with factor VIII concentrates.

This is the first Czech study on expectant management of patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes using serial transabdominal amniocentesis. To our knowledge, this is the first study prospectively evaluating Il-6 point-of-care test from serial amniocentesis in clinical management of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes. The strength of our study is also the fact that we prospectively evaluated the data of neonates born after expectant management of PPROM.

HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers have significantly better survival rates than tobacco and alcohol induced head and neck cancers. Consistent with this finding and due to younger age at diagnosis, novel approaches to minimize treatment sequelae while preserving survival outcomes have become of paramount importance. The results of several de-escalation trials have now been published. However, further research is needed before changing the standard of care in this setting of patients.

The percentage of long-term glioblastoma survivals is slowly increasing but very late complications of the treatment are the most difficult to identify. For the first time, this case series presents three long-term survivors of GBM with stroke-like syndrome. To avoid misinterpretation of imaging findings as GBM recurrence, and avert recall oncotherapy or redundant interventions, better understanding of delayed complications of brain tumor therapy is crucial.

The authors present a current multicentric registry of cardiac device infective complications from 11 Czech centers. Mortality and the basic clinical and microbiology characteristics are described.

The authors present a case of paraneoplastic pemphigus expanding the spectrum of known associated internal malignancies describing concomitant tonsillar HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma. The oral presentation of paraneoplastic pemphigus was the first manifestation of this malignancy allowing its early detection by the whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI and subsequent successful treatment.

It has been reported that monozygotic twinning is increased in association with assisted reproductive techniques. The purpose of this article was to critically review the current state of knowledge in this area.

Appropriate molecular genetic techniques used for DNA analysis in early pregnancy enable us to identify a pathological variant in genes causing severe diseases in foetuses and provide information to parents on the foetus medical condition. Through genetic analysis we can also find new pathological gene variants and in this way contribute to elucidating disease etiology.

The authors show that the expression profile of IL-1β, IL-10, CYP2C8 and sEH in Hofbauer cells in chorioamnionitis differs from normal placenta, suggesting alteration in the anti-inflammatory role of HBCs and their regulation in chorioamnionitis.

Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in IOL position (axial shift, tilt and decentration) in the capsular bag after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and to create a user-friendly software that is optimized for the output of available imaging technology, then verify the relationship between the biometric parameters of the eye and the extent of changes in the IOL position. Patients and Methods. The study included 35 artephakic eyes that underwent laser capsulotomy. Before and at least one hour after capsulotomy, all patients underwent the following assessments: optical biometry (Lenstar LS900), OCT with anterior segment module (Optovue Avanti) and IOL photography in infrared mode using reference unit (Verion). The original software solution was designed for the graphical evaluation of the differences between centering, axial displacement and tilt of IOL. Changes in IOL position were evaluated as simple differences before and after the laser procedure and as differences in absolute values (abs). Results. The following results show the average differences in IOL position: ACD=0.02±0.23 mm (abs=0.11±0.20 mm), IOL decentration in x-axis = -0.001±0.091 mm (abs=0.065±0.063 mm), IOL decentration in y-axis =0.012±0.119 mm (abs=0.048±0.53 mm), tilt in horizontal plane TILT-H=0.11±0.83° (abs=0.51±0.66°) and tilt in vertical plane TILT-V = -0.14±0.49° (abs=0.26±0.44°). All changes were insignificant (P>>0.05). In total, 74.29% of IOLs showed a hypermetropic shift. A moderate positive correlation was found between the absolute differences in horizontal tilt and keratometry (r=0.45). Relationship with other changes and parameters were weak. Conclusion. In conclusion, the use of the original software solution developed by the authors showed that changes in IOL centering, axial displacement and tilt occur after Nd:YAG capsulotomy, but average differences were insignificant. In almost 3/4 cases, there was a hypermetropic axial displacement of the IOL.

More and more articles suggest that warfarin may be involved in the progression of systemic atherosclerosis. It inhibits the synthesis and activity of Matrix-Gla-Protein, which is the major vitamin K-dependent inhibitor of arterial calcification – an active process associated with atherosclerosis, stimulated by inflammatory mechanisms. Warfarin administered in experimental animal models increased the number of aortic calcifications and in clinical trials – the coronary atheroma calcification. Some NOAC reduce the inflammatory process in the vascular walls and stabilize the coronary atherosclerotic process.