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A rare diagnosis with high natural and surgical mortality. All currently known surgical techniques have been used for treatment. Mid-term results are presented. The series is one of the largest in the literature.

The authors review lipid changes in pregnancy. The text focuses on pregnancies with gestational diabetes. Gestational dyslipidaemia is thought to be a key driver of foetal outcome.

Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) is crucial in angiogenesis and a potential biomarker in various tumours. The authors evaluated the significance of PlGF serum concentration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and based on our finding it seems to be a useful biomarker in diagnostics and prediction of prognosis in patients with ccRCC.

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a rare tumor of the paranasal sinuses with high bleeding potential and so embolisation of the tumor prior to the surgical resection should be considered.

The authors bring to light the possibility of a rare, very late complication of transradial catheterization. Radial artery pseudoaneurysm formation from this procedure is extremely rare (around 0.05% according to the authors). Such an extremely late development of pseudoaneurysm has not been described in the literature so far.

Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma (CPF) is one of the most common benign cardiac tumors in adults and it is associated with a significant increase in mortality and the risk of a nonfatal embolic event. At present, no criteria are in place for embolism risk stratification, or guidelines for the management of patients with an asymptomatic non-mobile CPF. CPF can be safely and effectively treated surgically. A unique case of recurring symptomatic metachronous CPF is described which has not been reported before.

In this study, we analysed the findings in sentinel node biopsy after surgical treatment in breast cancer patients. The aim of the analysis was to determine correlation between preoperative axillary ultrasound and metastases in sentinel node biopsies and between type of primary breast cancer and metastases in sentinel node biopsies. This could contribute to accurate diagnosis of metastases in axillary lymph nodes with minimal morphological changes and could contribute to management of targeted axillary dissection.

This paper describes a new method of voice rehababilitation in patients after total rehabilitation, which uses voice recordings obtained before the operation. The paper describes our experience with this method and the results.

Cancer stem cell markers CD24 and CD133 tissue expression is significantly related to urothelial carcinoma grade and stage.

This paper tried to examine an interrelation between low dose metallic content and a lymphocyte-driven response of periprosthetic tissues. Growing concentrations of prosthetic particles in time is associated with non-specific and complex periprosthetic tissue response including areas of lymphocytic infiltrations. However, specific metal-induced changes have not been observed.

Heterotopic acinic cell carcinoma originates primarily in intra-parotid, para-parotid or suprahyoid cervical lymph nodes. Because of its extremely rare occurrence, the management is largely intuitive. In the article, literature review and current comprehensive analysis of clinical and histopathologic characteristics of "orthotopic" acinic cell carcinoma were used to establish a rational treatment strategy for heterotopic acinic cell carcinoma.

Endovascular treatment of aorto-iliac aneurysms extending to unilateral or bilateral common iliac bifurcations requires anchorage of the stent-graft distal to external iliac arteries (EIAs). Anchorage of iliac components to bilateral EIAs with coverage / occlusion of origin of internal iliac artery (IIA) used to be the standard for endovascular treatment for these patients. With this treatment the patients are at risk for possible ischemic complications in the pelvic region, which may manifest as gluteal claudication, erectile dysfunction, colon ischemia or paraplegia. This study aimed at evaluating our results and experience of simultaneous unilateral revascularization of IIA by branched iliac stent-graft implantation during endovascular treatment in the reduction of these ischemic complications. A comparison of our results is made with the literature with a discussion of newer trends including bilateral revascularization of the IIA during endovascular treatment. In short the significance of revascularization of the pelvic territory during endovascular treatment is highlighted and should be included in the standard treatment of these patients in the future.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic led to suspension of endoscopic care. To maintain the operation of our tertiary unit, we introduced routine RT-PCR testing before endoscopy. During the peak of the pandemic, 1,356 patients were tested at our RT-PCR center and 624 patients were referred with a negative RT-PCR test. There was only a 9% reduction in the number of all procedures compared to the same period before the pandemic outbreak. 44% of procedures revealed new relevant findings and 4.2% newly diagnosed malignancy. Our retrospective analysis shows that routine RT-PCR testing is feasible and can help maintain the productivity of a tertiary endoscopy unit.

Recent studies show several non-motor features that may precede the development of the motor symptoms of PD. The best known include hyposmia, REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), constipation, and depression; other symptoms are excessive daytime somnolence, orthostatic hypotension and symptomatic hypotension, erectile or urinary dysfunction, musculoskeletal symptoms, pain, and global cognitive deficit. The aim of this review is to summarize the currently available methods for diagnosing these premotor symptoms of PD which may help in the early diagnosis of PD.

Primary hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia is a rare genetic disorder. Dysfunctional transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (TRPM6) causes impaired intestinal absorption of magnesium, leading to its low serum level accompanied by hypocalcemia. Typical signs at initial manifestation are generalized seizures, tetany, and/or muscle spasms. In this paper, we present a clinical report of a girl with primary hypomagnesemia and secondary hypocalcemia due to novel mutations within the TRPM6 gene.

CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to develop new experimental models of acute myeloid leukemia for a better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in leukemogenesis. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is used to understand drug resistance and find solutions to overcome it. The therapeutic progress achieved using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is remarkable and allows us to get closer to achieving the goal of curing acute myeloid leukemia in the coming decades.

The paper reviews the effect of prostaglandin treatment or no treatment in patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG) on the progression of functional changes in the eye. No similar study could be found in the literature. Another priority of the work was the impact of CCT (central corneal thickness) on the progression of NTG. In hypertensive glaucoma, the effect of CCT on progression was demonstrated. This was not demonstrated in NTG. This conclusion also points to different diseases.

The authors confirm many more significant anterior prostate tumours than expected. Based on theirresults, they propose a change in the diagnostic algorithm for prostate biopsy.

The first report on serial BNP monitoring in out-patients with a continuous-flow LVAD. BNP changes allow identification of clinical events with the need for further diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

In this study, the authors revealed that miR150-5p may participate in myasthenia gravis through interactions with IL-10 and IL-17. miR150-5p is upregulated in patients with myasthenia gravis compared with healthy controls. Changes in expression levels of miR150-5p reflect the treatment outcomes of myasthenia gravis and miR150-5p could be used as a biomarker to guide the treatment. Monitoring the changes in inflammatory cytokines and miR150-5p may help to improve treatment strategies.

In contrast to the parotid glands, submandibular salivary gland uptake and excretion of radioiodine are not decreased even after RAI treatment using the range from 11.10 GBq to 27.75 GBq in comparison to their RAI-naive age- and sex-matched counterparts.

Cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) was upregulated in renal clear cell carcinoma. Downregulation of CIP2A can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and vascularization in renal clear cell carcinoma through inactivation of the protein kinase B (Akt) pathway and its downstream vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We characterized a novel CIP2A/Akt/VEGF in renal clear cell carcinoma.

The goal was to assess the frequency of paraneoplastic neurological disorders in patients with advanced malignancy. Hypotension may be a symptom of paraneoplastic neuropathy

The negative effect of UVA radiation on the skin has long been ignored. There is now clear evidence that UVA causes indirect damage to biomolecules, which is associated with premature skin aging and increased incidence of skin cancer. The use of phytochemicals and plant extracts is a popular strategy in UVA photoprotection. In this review only well-documented studies on 17 selected plant extracts and 26 pure compounds are covered.

This study is the first to investigate chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) immunogenetic features and clonality in the context of epidemiological data. The authors report potential associations suggesting the influence of certain health and social conditions on a number of clonal populations expanding in CLL and also on characteristic B cell receptor features, especially stereotypy.

HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers have significantly better survival rates than tobacco and alcohol induced head and neck cancers. Consistent with this finding and due to younger age at diagnosis, novel approaches to minimize treatment sequelae while preserving survival outcomes have become of paramount importance. The results of several de-escalation trials have now been published. However, further research is needed before changing the standard of care in this setting of patients.

Patients with apparently dormant conduction after adenosine during catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation are known to have a high arrhythmia recurrence rate. If a dormant conduction is eliminated by additional extensive ablation, these patients have the same outcome in the long term as patients without dormant conduction. This favorable outcome lasts for several years.

The authors present a case series of osteoporotic patients suffering from MRONJ including severe complications (deep neck space infection, orbital celullitis, oroantral communication with rhinosinusitis and pathological fracture of the mandible). The uniform diagnostic and surgical protocol using fluorescence-guided surgery and various reconstructive techniques (mylohyoid flap, buccal fat pad flap and virtual surgical planning for prebending mandibular reconstruction plates) is described. The outcomes of 32 lesions in 26 patients with long-term follow-up are presented in this paper.

The CD2 may be a new therapeutic target for the patchy-type alopecia areata.

This is a literature review focused on the use of high-density EEG in patients with Parkinson's disease. Scientific articles were systematically searched using the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The records identified by the search confirm that high-density EEG may be used as a feasible research tool in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with deep brain stimulation.