Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2021, 165(4):375-379 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.003

Diagnostic and prognostic value of placental growth factor serum concentration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Marcela Cechovaa, Matus Chocholatya, Marek Babjuka, Tomas Zimab, Klara Havlovaa, Marketa Koldovaa, Marek Schmidta, Marta Kalousovab
a Department of Urology, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
b Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

Background and Aim: Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and was identified as a potential prognostic biomarker in various types of cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of PlGF serum concentration in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Patients and Methods: A total of 49 patients subjected to partial or radical nephrectomy for ccRCC [localized without relapse (lccRCC; n=31), localized with later relapse (rccRCC; n=8), primary metastatic cancer (mccRCC; n=10); median of follow-up 4.4 years] were enrolled in a prospective study to assess the significance of PlGF serum concentration. PlGF was measured prior to surgery and 3 months postoperatively. Our control group consisted of 38 healthy subjects.

Results: PlGF serum concentration was significantly higher in ccRCC compared to controls (P=0.002). The cut-off value of PlGF concentration for the risk of ccRCC was determined at 12.71 pg/mL (AUC=0.729; P=0.0001). Prior to surgery, among ccRCC subgroups, significantly higher PlGF concentration was detected in mccRCC compared to lccRCC (P=0.002). Postoperatively, we observed a tendency to higher PlGF serum concentration in rccRCC compared to lccRCC subgroup, however without significance (P=0.17). The cut-off value for the risk of relapse was 11.41 pg/mL (AUC=0.792; P=0.0003). In subjects with localized ccRCC with PlGF concentration below 11.41 pg/mL 3-years cancer specific survival was 93% compared to 61% in subject with concentration above the cut-off value (P=0.018).

Conclusion: Based on our findings, PlGF serum concentration seems to be a useful biomarker in diagnostics and prediction of prognosis in ccRCC.

Keywords: placental growth factor, PlGF, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, biomarker, diagnosis, prognosis

Received: May 1, 2020; Revised: November 9, 2020; Accepted: January 8, 2021; Prepublished online: February 22, 2021; Published: November 23, 2021  Show citation

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Cechova, M., Chocholaty, M., Babjuk, M., Zima, T., Havlova, K., Koldova, M., Schmidt, M., & Kalousova, M. (2021). Diagnostic and prognostic value of placental growth factor serum concentration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biomedical papers, 165(4), 375-379. doi: 10.5507/bp.2021.003
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