Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014, 158(4):650-653 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.037

Effect of smoking on the survival of dental implants

Aline Satie Takamiya, Marcelo Coelho Goiato, Humberto Gennari Filho
Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, University of State of Sao Paulo, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Background: Although the long-term success of implant treatment has been well- established, failures can still occur and the smoking habit has been reported as a risk factor for implant loss. A literature review on the effects of smoking on the survival of dental implants was undertaken.

Methods and Results: Medline database was used to carry out the review with the keywords "osseointegration", "smoking" and "bone healing". The cigarette has more than 4,000 bioactive chemical components with potential toxic effects to human tissues including bone. Nicotine is the main component of the cigarette and it is frequently associated with bone healing failures. Since smoking negatively affects the osseointegration of dental implants, the main target is to quit the consumption of cigarettes.

Conclusion: Nevertheless, the smoking habit should not be an absolute contraindication for implant treatment, but, patients should be advised that they are at a greater risk of implant failure.

Keywords: smoking, bone healing, osseointegration, dental implants

Received: July 23, 2012; Accepted: May 3, 2013; Prepublished online: May 27, 2013; Published: December 9, 2014  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Takamiya, A.S., Goiato, M.C., & Filho, H.G. (2014). Effect of smoking on the survival of dental implants. Biomedical papers, 158(4), 650-653. doi: 10.5507/bp.2013.037
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Branemark PI. Osseointegration and its experimental background. J Prosthet Dent 1983;50:399-410. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Lindquist LW, Carlsson GE. Long-term effects on chewing with mandibular fixed prostheses on osseointegrated implants. Acta Odontol Scand 1985;43:39-45. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1986;1:11-25.
    4. Zarb GA, Schmitt A. The longitudinal clinical effectiveness of osseointegrated dental implants: the Toronto Study. Part II: The prosthetic results. J Prosthet Dent 1990;64:53-61. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. DeLuca S, Zarb G. The effect of smoking on osseointegrated dental implants. Part II: Peri-implant bone loss. Int J Prosthodont 2006;19:560-6.
    6. DeLuca S, Habsha E, Zarb GA. The effect of smoking on osseointegrated dental implants. Part I: implant survival. Int J Prosthodont 2006;19:491-8.
    7. Sverzut AT, Stabile GA, de Moraes M, Mazzonetto R, Moreira RW. The influence of tobacco on early dental implant failure. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008;66:1004-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Meechan JG, Macgregor ID, Rogers SN, Hobson RS, Bate JP, Dennison M. The effect of smoking on immediate post-extraction socket filling with blood and on the incidence of painful socket. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1988;26:402-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Bain CA, Moy PK. The association between the failure of dental implants and cigarette smoking. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993;8:609-15.
    10. Bolin A, Eklund G, Frithiof L, Lavstedt S. The effect of changed smoking habits on marginal alveolar bone loss. A longitudinal study. Swed Dent J 1993;17:211-6.
    11. Haber J, Wattles J, Crowley M, Mandell R, Joshipura K, Kent RL. Evidence for cigarette smoking as a major risk factor for periodontitis. J Periodontol 1993;64:16-23. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Holm G. Smoking as an additional risk for tooth loss. J Periodontol 1994;65:996-1001. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Cesar-Neto JB, Duarte PM, Sallum EA, Barbieri D, Moreno H, Jr., Nociti FH, Jr. A comparative study on the effect of nicotine administration and cigarette smoke inhalation on bone healing around titanium implants. J Periodontol 2003;74:1454-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Pereira ML, Carvalho JC, Peres F, Gutierres M, Fernandes MH. Behaviour of human osteoblastic cells cultured on plasma-sprayed titanium implants in the presence of nicotine. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008;19:582-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Schwartz-Arad D, Samet N, Mamlider A. Smoking and complications of endosseous dental implants. J Periodontol 2002;73:153-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Balatsouka D, Gotfredsen K, Lindh CH, Berglundh T. The impact of nicotine on bone healing and osseointegration. Clin Oral Implants Res 2005;16:268-76. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Garg A. Pathophysiology of tobacco use and wound healing. Dent Implantol Update 2010;21:1-4. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Pereira ML, Carvalho JC, Peres F, Fernandes MH. Simultaneous effects of nicotine, acrolein, and acetaldehyde on osteogenic-induced bone marrow cells cultured on plasma-sprayed titanium implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010;25:112-22.
    19. Lambert PM, Morris HF, Ochi S. The influence of smoking on 3-year clinical success of osseointegrated dental implants. Ann Periodontol 2000;5:79-89. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Correa MG, Gomes Campos ML, Cesar-Neto JB, Casati MZ, Nociti FH, Sallum EA. Histometric evaluation of bone around titanium implants with different surface treatments in rats exposed to cigarette smoke inhalation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009;20:588-93. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Levin L, Schwartz-Arad D. The effect of cigarette smoking on dental implants and related surgery. Implant Dent 2005;14:357-61. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Wang F, Lee HP, Lu C. Thermal-mechanical study of functionally graded dental implants with the finite element method. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007;80:146-58. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Feuerstein O, Zeichner K, Imbari C, Ormianer Z, Samet N, Weiss EI. Temperature changes in dental implants following exposure to hot substances in an ex vivo model. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008;19:629-33. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Stefani CM, Nogueira F, Sallum EA, de TS, Sallum AW, Nociti FH, Jr. Influence of nicotine administration on different implant surfaces: a histometric study in rabbits. J Periodontol 2002;73:206-12. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Gotfredsen K, Lindh CH, Berglundh T. Does longstanding nicotine exposure impair bone healing and osseointegration? An experimental study in rabbits. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009;91:918-23. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. De Bruyn H, Collaert B. The effect of smoking on early implant failure. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994;5:260-4. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Alsaadi G, Quirynen M, Komarek A, van Steenberghe D. Impact of local and systemic factors on the incidence of oral implant failures, up to abutment connection. J Clin Periodontol 2007;34:610-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Russell MA, Feyerabend C, Cole PV. Plasma nicotine levels after cigarette smoking and chewing nicotine gum. Br Med J 1976;1:1043-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Hoffmann D, Adams JD. Carcinogenic tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in snuff and in the saliva of snuff dippers. Cancer Res 1981;41:4305-8.
    30. Supervia A, Nogues X, Enjuanes A, Vila J, Mellibovsky L, Serrano S et al. Effect of smoking and smoking cessation on bone mass, bone remodeling, vitamin D, PTH and sex hormones. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2006;6:234-41.
    31. Shibli JA, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Cardoso LA, Onuma T, de Carvalho PS et al. Effect of smoking on early bone healing around oxidized surfaces: a prospective, controlled study in human jaws. J Periodontol 2010;81:575-83. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Duthie GG, Arthur JR, James WP. Effects of smoking and vitamin E on blood antioxidant status. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:1061S-3S. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Garrett IR, Boyce BF, Oreffo RO, Bonewald L, Poser J, Mundy GR. Oxygen-derived free radicals stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption in rodent bone in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Invest 1990;85:632-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    34. Ries WL, Key LL, Jr., Rodriguiz RM. Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and bone resorption by osteoclasts in vitro inhibited by a manganese-based superoxide dismutase mimic. J Bone Miner Res 1992;7:931-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    35. Pereira ML, Carvalho JC, Peres F, Fernandes MH. Effect of nicotine in matrix mineralization by human bone marrow and Saos-2 cells cultured on the surface of plasma-sprayed titanium implants. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009;88:84-93. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    36. Schwartz Z, Boyan BD. Underlying mechanisms at the bone-biomaterial interface. J Cell Biochem 1994;56:340-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    37. Yuhara S, Kasagi S, Inoue A, Otsuka E, Hirose S, Hagiwara H. Effects of nicotine on cultured cells suggest that it can influence the formation and resorption of bone. Eur J Pharmacol 1999;383:387-93. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    38. Ohkuma S, Poole B. Cytoplasmic vacuolation of mouse peritoneal macrophages and the uptake into lysosomes of weakly basic substances. J Cell Biol 1981;90:656-64. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    39. Akkaya A, Ozturk O, Cobanoglu H, Bircan HA, Simsek S, Sahin U. Evaluation of patients followed up in a cigarette cessation clinic. Respirology 2006;11:311-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    40. d'Avila S, dos Reis LD, Piattelli A, Aguiar KC, de Faveri M, Borges FL, Iezzi G, Oliveira NT, de G Cardoso LA, Shibli JA. Impact of smoking on human bone apposition at different dental implant surfaces: a histologic study in type IV bone. J Oral Implantol 2010;36:85-90. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    Return to the content