RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
A1 Schreiberova, Zuzana
A1 Rehak, Jiri
A1 Babkova, Barbora
A1 Sin, Martin
A1 Rybarikova, Martina
A1 Paskova, Barbora
A1 Sinova, Irena
A1 Hubnerova, Petra
A1 Maluskova, Miroslava
A1 Maresova, Klara
A1 Karhanova, Marta
T1 Hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and thrombophilia as the most common risk factors for retinal vein occlusion in patients under 50 years
JF Biomedical papers
YR 2024
VO 168
IS 1
SP 44
OP 49
DO 10.5507/bp.2022.036
UL https://biomed.papers.upol.cz/artkey/bio-202401-0005.php
AB Background and Aims. Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most common risk factors (RFs) for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) development in general. The aim of this study was to identify the most frequent causes of RVO in patients under 50. Methods. We retrospectively evaluated a group of patients with RVO under 50 years. The parameters of interest included age and sex, RVO type, presence of arterial hypertension (HT), hyperlipidaemia (HLD), diabetes mellitus (DM), congenital thrombophilic disorder (TD), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), thyroid eye disease (TED), use of hormone contraception (HC) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT), glaucoma and other potential RFs. Patients with central RVO (CRVO), hemi-central RVO (HRVO), branch RVO (BRVO), impending CRVO and combined arterial-venous (AV) occlusion were included. Results. The group consisted of 110 eyes of 103 patients. CV disease was the most common systemic abnormality. 55.3% patients had HT, 17.5% had HLD. TD was the third most frequent RF (12.6%). The cohort also included patients with DM (6.8%), glaucoma (6.8%) and women using HC/HRT (26.2% of female patients). There were isolated cases of RVO due to retinal vasculitis, intense exercise, antiphospholipid syndrome and COVID-19 pneumonia. None of the patients had OSAS, TED or a haemato-oncological disease. The etiology remained unexplained in 20.4% patients. No difference was observed in RF occurrence between patients with CRVO and HRVO and those with BRVO. Conclusion. The most common systemic abnormality in our cohort was CV disease, especially HT and HLD. The risk factors for central, hemi-central and branch RVOs were similar.