RT Journal Article SR Electronic A1 Taborsky, Milos A1 Skala, Tomas A1 Aiglova, Renata A1 Fedorco, Marian A1 Kautzner, Josef A1 Jandik, Tomas A1 Vancura, Vlastimil A1 Linhart, Ales A1 Valek, Martin A1 Novak, Miloslav A1 Kala, Petr A1 Polasek, Rostislav A1 Roubicek, Tomas A1 Schee, Alexandr A1 Hindricks, Gerhard A1 Dagres, Nikolaos A1 Hatala, Robert A1 Jarkovsky, Jiri T1 Cardiac Resynchronization and Defibrillator Therapy (CRT-D) or CRT Alone (CRT-P) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure without late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) high-risk markers - CRT-REALITY study - Study design and rationale JF Biomedical papers YR 2022 VO 166 IS 2 SP 173 OP 179 DO 10.5507/bp.2021.015 UL https://biomed.papers.upol.cz/artkey/bio-202202-0008.php AB Background. Primary preventive implantation of implantable defibrillator (ICD) is according to current guidelines indicated in patients with heart failure NYHA (New York Heart Association) class II/III and LVEF <35%. Thanks to advances in heart failure pharmacotherapy, a decrease in mortality could render a benefit of ICD insufficient to justify its implantation in some patients. Methods. Study design: multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial evaluating the benefit of implantation of Cardiac Resynchronization and Defibrillator Therapy (CRT-D) or CRT Alone (CRT-P) in non-ischemic patients with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and optimal pharmacotherapy without significant mid-wall myocardial fibrosis detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). The primary end-point: Re-hospitalization for heart failure, ventricular tachycardia, major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The secondary end-points: Sudden cardiac death, cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest or sustained ventricular tachycardia, device-related complications, and change in quality of life. Course of the study: After a pharmacotherapy is optimized and significant mid-wall myocardial fibrosis excluded, patients will be randomized 1:1 to CRT-P or CRT-D implantation. Discussion. If our hypothesis is confirmed, this could provide evidence for the management of these patients with a significant impact on common daily praxis and health care expenditures. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04139460